Coal India

2 biggest indian superheros - Amitabh Bacchan and Shahrukh Khan have played lead roles in movies named after 'Coal' - Kala Patthar & Koyla ! so much importance.. not for nothing..

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Coal India is the largest company in the World in terms of coal production - it produces 85% of total domestic coal production in india with 4 lac employees and Rs 40,000 crores in revenues.

Coal India Limited was formed as holding Company in 1975. Foll subsidiaries"

- Eastern Coalfields

- Western Coalfields

- Northern Coalfields

- Central Coalfields

- South Eastern coalfields

- Mahanadi coalfields

- Bharat Coking Coal Limited

WORLD COAL PRODUCERS

1. China - 2.5 billion tonnes

2. USA - 1.1 billion tonnes

3. India - 0.5 billion tonnes

4. Aus - 0.4 billion tonnes

Total - 7 billion tonnes. 90% electricity in USA is generated by burning coal.

WORLD COAL RESERVES

USA - 26%

Russia - 17%

China - 13%

India - 10%

Australia - 8%

South Africa - 6%

Kazakastan - 3%

Ukraine - 2%

Brazil - 1%

Poland - 1%

Germany - 1%

Indonesia - 1%

Canada - 0.5%

Australia & Indonesia are the world's largest coal exporters.

• Power sector accounts for about 77% of the domestic coal consumption.
• Steel sector accounts for about 13% of the domestic coal consumption.
• Cement industry accounts for about 4% of the domestic coal consumption.

various varieties of coal available include –
• Anthracite
• Bituminous
• Sub-bituminous
• Lignite

Low Ash Metallurgical Coke (LAM Coke or Metallurgical Coke or Met Coke) is manufactured by heating bituminous coal
in absence of air. LAM Coke forms an integral part in manufacture of Steel. It is one of the basic raw materials required to
produce Pig Iron, which in turn is used to manufacture Steel.

The different varieties of Metallurgical Coke include –
• Blast Furnace grade
• Foundry grade
• Form Coke

Coal has a heterogeneous composition and hence coal from a same mine may also vary significantly. The variation is
primarily on the following parameters: -
• Heat content
• Ash content
• Sulphur

• Bituminous coal is used for manufacturing Metallurgical Coke.
• The Metallurgical Coke production in North America and Europe is not adequate to meet the local demand.
• Many Metallurgical Coke capacities in North America and Europe are being closed as they are finding it
increasingly difficult to compete with Asian players.
• China is the world’s largest producer of LAM Coke.
• India is a net importer of Metallurgical Coke.

Petroleum Coke is carbonaceous solid obtained from Oil Cracker units or other Cracking process.

Petroleum Coke finds wide application in the following areas –
• Fuel in Catalytic Cracker
• Manufacture of Dry Cells
• Electrodes in Aluminium and Copper manufacturing