Ministry of Mines is responsible for survey and exploration of all minerals, other than natural gases, petroleum and atomic minerals, for mining and metallurgy of non-ferrous metals like aluminium, copper, zinc, lead, gold, nickel, etc. and for administration of the Mines and Minerals (Regulation and Development) Act, 1957 in respect of all mines and minerals other than coal, natural gas and petroleum.
Indian Bureau of Mines, Nagpur is a subordinate body, which undertakes research & assistance work.
The number of mines which reported mineral production (excluding minor minerals, petroleum (crude), natural gas and atomic minerals) in India was 2954 in 2008-09 as against 2854 in the previous year. Out of 2954 reporting mines, 433 were located in Gujarat followed by Andhra Pradesh (406), Madhya Pradesh (298), Jharkhand (298), Rajasthan (252), Orissa (236), Karnataka (230), Tamil Nadu (159), Maharashtra (154), Chhattisgarh (150), West Bengal (113).
The value of metallic minerals in 2007-08 at Rs.24,038 crores.
Iron ore contributed Rs.18,495 crores or 76.9%, [206 million tonnes]
Chromite Rs.2020 crores or 8.4%,
Lead & zinc (concentrate) Rs. 1080crores or 4.5%,
Manganese ore Rs. 1098 crores or 4.6%,
Copper (concentrate) Rs. 383crores or 1.6%,
Bauxite Rs. 526 crores or 2.2%,
Gold Rs. 283 crores or 1.17%
Iron Ore
The production of iron ore at about 206.45 million tonnes in 2007-08 registered an increase of 10% over the previous year. About 32% of the total production was shared by Public Sector Companies like SAIL (including IISCO), NMDC, etc. The share of Private Sector was 68% which includes Tata Steel (formerly TISCO) (7%). Almost the entire production of iron ore (94%) accrued from Orissa, Karnataka, Chhattisgarh, Goa and Jharkhand during the year. The remaining 6% production was reported from Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan.
Copper
The production of copper concentrate at 159 thousand tonnes in 2007-08 increased by about 6% as compared to the previous year. Average metal content in copper concentrate was 21.75% Cu.
Bauxite
The production of bauxite at 23.08 million tonnes in 2007-08 increased by 47% compared to the previous year.
The five major companies; namely, NALCO, HINDALCO, Prabhu Das Vithal Das, BALCO and Bombay Minerals Limited engaged in bauxite mining in the country, jointly contributed 49% of the total production of bauxite in 2007-08.
Gujarat - 54%
Orissa - 20%
Chhattisgarh - 8%
Maharashtra - 8%
Jharkhand - 5%
Lead Zinc
Global zinc consumption - 10 million tonnes
Zinc, used in galvanising (coating steel) to avoid corrosion. galvanised steel (used maintly in automobiles) accounts 50% of zinc consumption. zinc is also used in brass semis.
Mining Zinc - lead-zinc ore is sold to smelters, they get payment for 85% of zinc contained in the concentrate, less a treatment charge (Tc)
smelters purchase concentrate and sell finished metal after smelting & refining it.
50 countries undertake zinc mining of which 5 largest are:
1.China _ 2. Australia _ 3. Peru _ 4. USA _ 5. Canada
USA has already mined so much zinc that reserves are almost exhausted.
5 largest zinc mining companies:
1. Xstrata, 2. Glencore, 3. ZiniFer 4. HindZinc
Peru is world's largest supplier of zinc concentrate.
Zinc smelting is less geographically concentrated than zinc mining.
Indian Zinc industry has
During 2007-08, the production of lead concentrate at 126 thousand tonnes increased by 17% and that of zinc concentrate at 1036 thousand tonnes showed an increase of 9% over the previous year. Average metal content in lead concentrate was 61.74% Pb and that in zinc concentrate was 53.21% Zn.
Rajasthan accounted for the entire production of lead concentrate and zinc concentrate during 2007-08.
Ferro Chrome
Orissa reported almost entire output of chromite (99.7%) in the country.Mining of chromite was mostly dominated by private sector producers; viz, Tata Steel (formerly TISCO), IMFAL, Balasore Alloys Ltd., Jindal Strips Private Ltd. and FACOR having their own plants, jointly accounted for 63% of total production during 2007-08.Three Public Sector Companies; viz, Orissa Mining Corporation (OMC), Mysore Mineral Ltd. (MML) and Industrial Development Corp. of Orissa Ltd. (IDCOL) together reported 30% of the total production in 2007-08.
The production of manganese ore at 2.6 million tonnes in 2007-08.
(MOIL) the largest producer of manganese ore with a share of 50% in 2007-08.
Tata Steel (12%),
SMIOR (9%) and Mangilal Rungta (4%).
Orissa 27%,
Maharashtra 33%,
Madhya Pradesh 22%,
Karnataka 12%
ndhra Pradesh 5%
remaining 7.1% was jointly shared by Goa and Jharkhand.
Limestone
The value of production of non-metallic minerals at Rs. 3446 crores during 2007-08.
Limestone contributed 70% of the total value of non-metallic minerals in 2007-08. The production of limestone at 188 million tonnes.
About 53% of the total production was reported by 15 private sector companies.
Some of them are
Grasim, ACC and Ultra Tech Cement (9% each),
India Cement Ltd. and Gujarat Ambuja (5% each),
Birla Corporation Ltd. and Madras Cement Ltd. (3% each)
84% of the total output in 2007-08 was contributed by seven principal States; viz,
Andhra Pradesh - 20%,
Rajasthan -16%,
Madhya Pradesh - 14%
Gujarat - 12%
Tamil Nadu - 9%
Chhattisgarh and Karnataka - 8% each
In 2007-08, the Public Sector accounted for sizeable 92% production of Coal
Minor minerals
The value of minor minerals at Rs 10,467.4 crores
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Mineral Development Corporation ('NMDC')
NMDC with 8,500 crores of topline and 4,350 crores PAT is the largest producer of iron-ore in the country, producing 28 million tonnes of iron ore in FY09 mainly for the 3 mines:
1. Kirandul, Chhatisgarh
2. Bacheli, Chhatishgarh
3. Donimalai, Karnataka
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
No comments:
Post a Comment